out 2,000 barristers employed as in-house lawyers.
   The Bar is an advocacy profession. The Bar’s right of audience in the higher courts remains virtually unchallenged. The work divides equally between civil and criminal law. There are over 70 specialist areas, including major ones like chancery (mainly property and finance) and the commercial bar.
   Judges in England and Wales have mostly been barristers of 10 years standing, than Queen’s Councilors, and are appointed by the Lord Counselor. Judges cannot work as barristers once they are appointed. A barrister who is the part-time judge is known as the Recorder. The Crown Prosecutor, who works for the Director of Public Prosecutions, is responsible for prosecuting criminals based on evidence presented by the police.
   Solicitors do a variety of work—corporate and commercial, litigation, property, private law, banking and project finance, employment law and environmental law. There are about 66,000 practicing solicitors in England and Wales.
  
  Magistrate
  
  In Britain the vast majority of judges are unpaid. They are called “Magistrates”, or “Justice of the peace” (JPs). They are ordinary citizens, who are selected not because they have “sound common sense” and understand their fellow human beings. They give up time voluntarily.
   Magistrates are selected by special committees in every town and district. Nobody, not even the Magistrates themselves, knows who is on the special committee in their area.

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